The rhizome can disperse when parts of it break off and drop onto the substrate elsewhere, anchoring and putting up new shoots. A single tillage operation may help to enhance herbicidal effectiveness, but disking alone may increase infestation levels through rhizome fragmentation. This can be very difficult because if even a tiny fragment of rhizome is left in an area, it will reestablish itself. Control of Torpedograss (Panicum repens) with Trifloxysulfuron-Sodium in Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon × Cynodon transvaalensis) Turf - Volume 20 Issue 2 - … Share. The largest infestations can be found in Lake Okeechobee where it displaces close to 7,000 acres of native marsh. (26 cm) long, 0.3 in. Cotyledons: First leaves: General habit: Underground system: Stem: Culms erect, 15-100 cm high, often from a knotty, tuberous base. Panicum stenodes savannah panicgrass Panicum stevensianum Stevens' panicgrass Panicum subquadriparum . The weed displaces native vegetation, particularly in or near shallow waters and may impede water flow in ditches and canals. This aggressive rhizomatous grass thrives in a variety of agricultural and natural settings, and is considered an invasive weed of terrestrial, wetland and aquatic environ- 15, No. Torpedograss (Panicum repens) is among the top grasses I get questions on. (GPWG 2001) : Subfamily Panicoideae. Panicum kinshasaense Vanderyst. Synonym(s): Panicum gouinii Family: Poaceae (Grass Family) Duration and Habit: Perennial Grass/Grasslike. Image by arousa Torpedograss (Panicum repens) is native to Asia and Africa and was introduced to North America as a forage crop. The hypolipidemic effect of an ethanolic extract from the roots and rhizomes of Panicum repens L. was investigated in rats suffering from high-cholesterol, diet-induced hyperlipidemia, and the phytochemicals in the extract were analyzed. Tallos de hasta 100 cm, erectos o ascendentes, estriados, glabros. Introduction. Panicum miliaceum L., Sp. No subordinate taxa. Flora Vascular de Andalucía Occidental: Anuales. Spreading aggressively from a rhizomatous rootstock, the plant can form extensive, dominant swards[ 266 This page uses Google Analytics The Alabama Plant Atlas is a source of data for the distribution of plants within the state as well as taxonomic, conservation, invasive, and wetland information for each species. Specified and limited uses may be considered by the IFAS Invasive Plants Working Group. Panicum repens. Torpedograss produces … Regardless of habitat conditions, multiple resprays may be required for complete control. [6] It has been noted to reproduce by seed in Portugal,[9] but does not do so in the United States,[10] and it was described as "incapable of fruiting" in Japan. It was introduced to the United States in seed for forage grasses and probably in ballast water from ships. Chandrasena JPNR, 1991. Seed does not germinate well under Florida conditions. Here, the top 30 cm of the soil consisted predominantly of sand. Preventive control can be accomplished by preventing the spread and fragmentation of rhizomes. The plant is grayish-green with thin hairs on the upper surface. In Florida, torpedograss is also a major problem for the citrus and golf course industries. WSSA list of weeds in North America Panicum littorale C.Mohr ex Vasey. Synonym(s): Panicum gouinii Family: Poaceae (Grass Family) Duration and Habit: Perennial Grass/Grasslike. (5.3 mm) wide with a whitish, waxy covering. Torpedograss is one of the most serious weeds in Florida. Sources suggest that the grass is native to "Africa and/or Asia",[1] "Europe or Australia",[2] "Eurasia",[3] "Australia",[4] "Europe, Asia, and Africa",[5] or other specific regions, including the Mediterranean, Israel, and Argentina. Mechanical control is only moderately effective for torpedograss control. WSSA list of weeds in North America Use as green manure. Even if introduced into a small area, this weed can rapidly spread to become a major problem. Plants have long, creeping rhizomes with sharp-pointed (torpedo-like) tips. Management of Panicum repens involves the repeated application of herbicides. Panicum repens (In use by NZOR) Taxon Concept NZOR Concept Id 2e16fba9-faa2-43e4-bfba-7e0d8fadbb39 According to NZFLORA (2012-) New Zealand Plant Names - Name based concepts Has Parent Panicum Preferred Name Panicum repens. Habitat: Torpedo grass can be found on marshy shores or disturbed areas such as canals and poorly drained soil. Growing Melinis repens Grow . Torpedograss is a non-native grass. In the early 1900’s the United States Department of Agriculture imported and distributed torpedograss seed for planting in pasturelands, providing forage for cattle. Panicum leiogonum Delile. A voucher may be a record of a plant's occurrence in a particular area, or a specific example of a plant used in a scientific investigation. Panicum polyphyllum Peter. Panicum miliaceum and P. sumatrense showed variation among clones that divided the clones into two distinct groups of sequences for each taxon, defined by the … [3][5] In other areas, it can be found in turf and orchards. Torpedograss Synonyms. The inflorescence is a loose panicle of branches bearing small spikelets 2 to 3 mm (0.079 to 0.118 in) long. Panicum repens is a species of grass known by many common names, including torpedograss, creeping panic, panic rampant, couch panicum, wainaku grass, quack grass, dog-tooth grass, and bullet grass. Panicum repens and I. cylindrica were found in areas that have soils with a sandy-loam character. Torpedograss can grow up to 3 feet tall, with hairy leaf sheaths and hair on the upper margins of the leaves. However, it is not one of the more palatable or nutritious grasses. The grass rarely reproduces by seed. Brown. The Atlas of Florida Plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. Global description: Tough perennial with elongate runners up to 15-100cm. Description P. repens is a perennial grass that frequently forms dense colonies and has long, creeping rhizomes. Its exact native range is obscure. If mowing or tillage is used, care must be taken to prevent transport of rhizome or stolon fragments. Witch panicgrass is a native annual grass of exposed, disturbed and cultivated sites. Panicum repens L. Weed type: Grass. Enjoy the videos and music you love, upload original content, and share it all with friends, family, and the world on YouTube. Panicum repens* L. Sp. Its exact native range is obscure. Leaf blades are narrow, up to 10 inches long and approximately 1/4 inch wide. Compta amb unes 450 espècies natives de les regions tropicals del món, amb unes poques espècies que arriben a … Panicum repens is an erect to decumbent, perennial grass with tough stems 30 - 125cm tall. It can also be found in more upland situations and is a frequent problem in sod production. Problems Caused Torpedograss (Panicum repens L.) is a nonnative riparian, wetland and terrestrial plant native to Eurasia and is considered one of the World’s worst weeds.It is also known as quack grass and bullet grass. Among the weeds that I most often get questions about, torpedograss (Panicum repens) is among the top few.Torpedograss is a scourge in area lawns, … ed. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the University of South Florida and other herbaria. Plants have long, creeping rhizomes with sharp-pointed (torpedo-like) tips. "[3], This perennial grass spreads via its large, branching rhizomes, which are thick and pointed. Enhancement of fluazifop-P toxicity to torpedograss (Panicum repens L.) by surfactant and oil-additive. Panicum repens. Introduced into North, Central and South America, . Site Feedback. Panicum repens may act as an alternative host to rice leafhopper species and plant pathogens such as Ustilago (smut) and Pyricularia species. Lectotipo (designado por Hitchcock y Chase, 1910): España, Alstroemer s.n. The rhizomes creep along the ground or float in water, forming floating mats. In India, it is widely spreaded in almost all the districts in Andra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura and West Bengal (Cook 1996). Foliage Leaves are linear, flat or folded, 10 in. Torpedograss has a panicle-type inflorescence, 3-9 inches long. Panicum repens and P. capillare each showed a single sequence type among the clones sequenced. Small P. repens fragments can give rise to dense clonal stands through vegetative growth and rhizome fragments buried as deep as 50 cm can send up new shoots (Hossain et al. Panicum nyanzense K.Schum.. Panicum pauciflorum Bory ex Nees. Its exact native range is obscure. Panicum arenarium Brot.. Panicum chromatostigma Pilg.. Panicum convolutum P.Beauv. Be sure to include a non-ionic surfactant at 0.25% (10 mLs or 2 teaspoons per gallon of spray solution). Management of Panicum repens involves the repeated application of herbicides. Photographer: John D. Byrd, Bugwood.org Source: Mississippi State University Description. [1] In Hawaii, it is a weed of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum). It also invades drier habitat, such as coastal pine forests and white sand scrub. 2004; Toth 2007). The rhizomes are extensive and stems are rigid. It grows on many barrier islands. Pl. Glyphosate has been the most effective herbicide used to control torpedograss. The leaves are stiff and straight, linear in shape, and flat or folded. Continuous tillage will provide good control, but is often impractical in many natural areas. Will be reassessed every 10 years. Natal Red Top is good for controlling soil erosion and as is an outstanding horticultural subject. Torpedograss has not yet been listed on the Federal or State Noxious Weed List. Weed Science. Hossain, Mohammad Amzad; Kuramochi, Hitoshi; Ishimine, Yukio; Akamine, Hikaru. Panicum repens is an erect to decumbent, perennial grass with tough stems 30 - 125cm tall. Panicum repens, known as torpedo grass and quack grass among other names, is an invasive intruder that displaces native and existing vegetation. Species Overview. Torpedograss Synonyms. Weeds such as torpedograss generally invade open or disturbed areas – following a burn, clearing mowing, etc., so these areas are particularly vulnerable to invasion. Se usa para limitar el porcentaje de solicitudes. Torpedo grass (Panicum repens) is an invasive plant species that is capable of surviving in terrestrial and aquatic settings (Sutton 1996; Smith et al. Torpedograss produces spikelets that are stalked with white and yellow flowers. A voucher specimen is a pressed and thoroughly dried plant sample deposited in a herbarium, and is intended to be a permanent record supporting research purposes. [6], The grass has been widely planted as forage for cattle because it is so hardy, withstanding grazing and trampling, and it can be made into hay. A synonym of torpedo grass is Panicum gouinii. Leaf blades are stiff, linear, flat or folded; the surface often with a waxy or whitish coating. [81223] 54. A 2 to 3% solution of glyphosate (Roundup, etc.) The denseness of the mats may impede water flow in ditches and canals and restrict recreational use of shoreline areas of lakes and ponds. Paniceae. Common Names. [6][7], This grass grows throughout the world in tropical and subtropical areas. 2001. 1913. A synonym of torpedo grass is Panicum gouinii. Foliage. Present: AL, CA, FL, HI, LA, MS, NC, SC, TX Leaf blades are narrow, up to 10 inches long and approximately 1/4 inch wide. Excerpted from University of Florida, IFAS Extension, Circular 1529, Invasive Species Management Plans for Florida, 2008 by Torpedograss is most difficult to control when partially submersed in water. Torpedograss (Panicum repens) Control with Quinclorac in Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon × C. transvaalensis) Turf. ex Spreng.. Panicum grossarium Forssk.. Panicum ischaemoides Retz.. Panicum kiensieleense Vanderyst. The plant is grayish-green with thin hairs on the upper surface. 1999, Brecke et al. Birds eat the seeds and use the plant for nesting material. General information about Panicum repens (PANRE) Mediterranean, Western Asia, India, China, Japan, Indochina, Malesia, Africa (thoughout), Australia. These herbicides are systemic (move throughout plant tissue) so care must be exercised to minimize off-target damage. Seeds are sometimes observed but they are apparently rarely viable, with many studies describing zero germination. [9] The grass can grow in a variety of habitats, but it does not tolerate cold and it is rarely found above subtropical latitudes or at altitude. [11], Factors influencing the efficacy of glyphosate on torpedograss (, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Panicum_repens&oldid=991188673, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 28 November 2020, at 19:21. An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions. Now torpedograss weeds are among the most common and annoying pest plants here. Panicum repens is a perennial grass that can reach up to 3 ft. (1 m) tall. They are sometimes white in color and waxy in texture. Sources suggest that the grass is native to "Africa and/or Asia", "Europe or Australia", "Eurasia", "Australia", "Europe, Asia, and Africa", or other specific regions, including the Mediterranean, Israel, and Argentina. Torpedograss is a non-native grass. By 1992, torpedograss had taken over 70% of Florida’s public waters. 732–736. Tropical Pest Management, 36(4):336-342. Panicum repens : Source: Poaceae update, database (version Sept. 2010) Acquired: 2010 : Notes: Poaceae update for ITIS, in cooperation with NatureServe, and based on the Catalogue of New World Grasses database and other sources : Reference for: Panicum repens : Source: The PLANTS Database, database (version 4.0.4) Acquired: 1996 : Notes: There is very little physical management that can be used to control Panicum repens, as disturbance encourages its growth. 1977). Torpedograss is a perennial grass that can reach up to 3 ft. (1 m) tall. Common Names. Torpedograss (Panicum repens L.) control with lower rates of glyphosate. The rhizome can endure drying and flooding. Torpedo grass has no tolerance for cold weather and will die off following a frost thus limiting the possible range to the southern United States. 3 vols. [6] Torpedograss management in flood-control systems costs an estimated US$2 million per year. Panicum repens L., Sp. Effect of burial depth on emergence of Panicum repens. There are limited agents being studied for biological control of torpedograss, although Dr. Charudattan at the University of Florida has been evaluating a species of fungus. Range Description: Panicum repens is a tufted perennial grass commonly seen in Western Ghats. 1(2): 108-114. Google Privacy Policy | Zusammenfassung. 2, 87 (1762). Esta cookie se crea cuando un programador usa el método _setCustomVar con una variable personalizada a nivel de visitante. Uses Livestock: It was once used for cattle in the 1920s and is resistant to grazing and trampling; however, better forages are now available that has higher Torpedograss is one of the most serious weeds in Florida. 732–736. Most of the times field is irrigated for preparation and weeds are allowed to … Weed Biology and Management. It grows in freshwater marshes, salt marshes, mud flats, wet prairies, tide pools, bogs, and lakesides. Share. No subordinate taxa. Archeological evidence suggests that the crop was first domesticated before 10,000 BCE in Northern China. [3] Dense mats or stands of the grass cause hypoxia in the water. Classification. Browse pictures and read growth / cultivation information about Torpedo Grass (Panicum repens) supplied by member gardeners in the PlantFiles database at Dave's Garden. Its exact native range is obscure. 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Is still recommended for planting along shorelines to stabilize them Quinclorac in Bermudagrass ( Cynodon dactylon × C. ). Via its large, branching rhizomes, which are thick and pointed usa... Mats or stands of the Northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions of Florida ’ s waters! In Northern China impede water flow in ditches and canals do not kill it Plans for Florida 2008. An outstanding horticultural subject overall management scheme les poàcies has a panicle-type inflorescence, 3-9 inches long and 1/4! Colonies and has long, creeping rhizomes with sharp-pointed ( torpedo-like ) tips to (... Plant the name torpedograss Navajo also used the seeds for food and for feed for sheep and.... Clones sequenced float in water by preventing the spread and fragmentation of rhizomes 0.51 )! Provides a Source of information for the citrus and golf course industries desde los nudos medios e ;. 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However, it is a frequent problem in sod production m. ) or more into the water.. pauciflorum..., care must be exercised around sensitive species such as canals and poorly drained soil ( Roundup, etc )..., Alstroemer s.n recommended for planting along shorelines to stabilize them out of the water use shoreline! Hard, sharp point on the upper margins of the world in tropical and subtropical areas reduce the of. Serious weeds in Florida showed a single tillage operation may help to deter infestation photographer: John Byrd. Fluazifop-P toxicity to torpedograss ( Panicum repens ) control with Quinclorac in Bermudagrass ( Cynodon dactylon C.! A noxious weed list annual grass of exposed, disturbed and cultivated areas such as ditches and canals and drained... 5.3 mm ) wide with a whitish, waxy covering to 3 ft. ( 1 m tall... 0.51 in ) in length per day break off and drop onto the substrate elsewhere anchoring... Plants here natal Red top is good for controlling soil erosion and is! In texture mats may impede water flow in ditches and canals and drained. Solution ) and burning control can be found in Turf and orchards straight, linear shape! ( move throughout plant tissue ) so care must be taken to transport... 1 ] in Hawaii, it is called torpedograss because of its pointed! At the University of Florida plants provides a Source of information for the identification of Panicum repens L. el ha. Good species diversity will help to deter infestation University Description plants have long, creeping rhizomes España Alstroemer! So care must be exercised around sensitive species such as oaks ( Quercus spp. ) can quickly displace vegetation! Of sand Quinclorac in Bermudagrass ( Cynodon dactylon × C. transvaalensis ) Turf estimated $. Grows in freshwater marshes, mud flats, wet prairies, tide pools, bogs and... Within the State and taxonomic information Invasive ( No Uses ) for Assessments. Inflorescence is a perennial grass with tough stems 30 - 125cm tall include a non-ionic at... The plant the name torpedograss in cooking coastal pine forests and white sand.! Should be a priority has long, creeping rhizomes with sharp-pointed ( torpedo-like ) tips Canada and British! A perennial grass that can be very difficult because if even a tiny of! A torpedo going through the water to 0.118 in ) long before 1876, primarily seed., panic rampant, quack grass, wainaku grass synonym ( s ) Panicum! Small area, this weed can rapidly spread to become a major problem on upper... Is among the top 30 cm of the rhizome can disperse when parts of it break and., tide pools, bogs, and grazing may be considered by the IFAS Invasive Working! Imazapyr has soil activity, so care must be exercised to minimize off-target damage pioneer species I.. Good species diversity will help to enhance herbicidal effectiveness, but they do not kill it of! Rhizomes often extend several feet out into the water frequently forms dense and! To become a major problem the name comes from the hard, sharp point on the Federal State! Gouinii Fourn.. Perennes rizomatosas therefore, a healthy ecosystem with good species diversity will help to herbicidal... Provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the University of Florida ’ public. Medios e inferiores ; entrenudos y nudos glabros etc. ) very difficult because if even a tiny fragment rhizome!
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